Neurosurgery and Neuroscience

Neuro-Regeneration & Stem Cell–Based Therapeutics

Neuro-regeneration and stem cell–based therapeutics are shaping a new frontier in restoring damaged neural tissues and reversing the long-term consequences of neurological injury and disease. Stem cell platforms including induced pluripotent, neural progenitor, and mesenchymal cell populations offer powerful regenerative potential by differentiating into functional neurons, glial cells, and supportive structures necessary for neural network repair. These therapies aim to replace lost cells, enhance synaptogenesis, promote remyelination, and stimulate endogenous healing mechanisms. Biomaterial scaffolds, growth factors, and gene editing tools work synergistically to improve cell survival, integration, and regenerative outcomes. Research advances also highlight the role of stem cells in modulating inflammation, stabilizing the microenvironment, and protecting remaining tissue from further degeneration. Preclinical and early clinical studies show promise in treating spinal cord injuries, stroke deficits, traumatic brain injuries, neurodegenerative disorders, and congenital anomalies. As translational research accelerates, neuro-regeneration continues to move closer to mainstream clinical application, offering renewed hope for functional recovery and long-term neurological restoration.